Nomenclature Rules for Meteor Showers


The new nomenclature rules for meteor showers, presented at the 2022 June 15 Business Meeting of the IAU Commission F1, were approved by members of the F1 Commission by vote, which took place electronically from July 15 to July 20, 2022, and published in Jopek et al. (2023). The new nomenclature rules will not be applied retroactively. All names of meteor showers assigned before August 2022 will continue to be used.

The new rules are based on a two-stage approach. The first stage applies to a new shower just after its discovery. The second stage concerns the repeatedly observed shower, the existence of which no longer raises any doubts.

1st stage: a new meteor shower submitted to the MDC is given a provisional designation only (not a name) based on the date of submission. It is assigned by the MDC according to the following schema:

Example: the first shower submitted to the MDC within the second half of the August, e.g. on August 17, 2022, would be designated as M2022-Q1.

2nd stage: a meteor shower, which has become well confirmed (its regular activity, origin, etc.) and meets the required criteria for established status, will be given a final designation according to the following schema:

Example: a shower provisionally designated M2022-Q1 could obtain the final designation M-01212 (18-Aquariids), where 01212 is the sequential numerical code of the shower given by the MDC, and 18-Aquariids the name given by the observer.


The table below shows the relationship between the letters of the Latin alphabet and the half-month intervals in the calendar year, used for the provisional designation of meteor showers. Letters I and Z are unused.

Latin letter Half month Latin letter Half month
A Jan. 1-15 B Jan. 16-31
C Feb. 1-15 D Feb. 16-29
E Mar. 1-15 F Mar. 16-31
G Apr. 1-15 H Apr. 16-30
J May 1-15 K May 16-31
L June 1-15 M June 16-30
N July 1-15 O July 16-31
P Aug. 1-15 Q Aug. 16-31
R Sept.1-15 S Sept.16-30
T Oct. 1-15 U Oct. 16-31
V Nov. 1-15 W Nov. 16-30
X Dec. 1-15 Y Dec. 16-31


(To see previous rules valid until August 2022, go here.)